Kirov is the old Russian town, founded on the river Vyatka.
The old name of the city of Kirov: up to 1457 - Vyatka, until 1781 - Khlynov to 1934 - Vyatka.
The area of modern Kirov - 169.73 sq.km.
The city was founded in 1181 the first Russian settlers who lived on the Vyatka region, on the site of the ancient settlement of Udmurtia - Votyaks. Presumably this settlement was known as Vyatka, after the river. Usually when people talk about the old names of Kirov, a simplified chain of transformations Khlynov - Vyatka - Kirov is used, and indeed, when founded, the city was named Khlynov.
The foundation of Kirov is associated with building of Khlynov fortress in Vyatka, at the mouth of the river Hlynovitsa (modern Hlynovka) . The town was also called Vyatka.
Vyatka land has a rich history. It was populated in ancient times 50,000 years ago.
Russian began to penetrate into in the basin of the river Vyatka at the end of IX - beginning XIII century . They settled on vacant land among the Udmurt and Mari people. In the second half of the XIII century Russian influx to Vyatka increased in connection with the Mongol-Tatar invasion. Vyatka was first mentioned in chronicles in the year of 1374 in connection with the campaign of Novgorod ushkuyniks on the Volga Bulgaria , which was the entrance of the Golden Horde at the time . The village was situated on the bank of the river Vyatka between two steep ravines. It consisted of wooden houses, surrounded by a wooden palisade.
Archaeological materials and later recordings indicate that the Russian colonization of the Vyatka region began in the IX - XII centuries.
After the final connection to Moscow Khlynov developed rapidly in the XVI century and became the largest city in the north-eastern Russia. Craftwork and trade were well developed in the old Viatka. Several shops were concentrated in the hands of large merchants. Trade routes were laid to Pomerania, the Volga region, the Urals and Siberia through Khlynov. Economic ties were established with Moscow, Novgorod, Vologda, Ustiug, Archangelsk, Cherdyn, Solikamsk, Tobolsk, Kazan, Astrakhan and other Russian cities. The city's population had grown to 2,500.
In 1580 Igumen Triphon founded the Male Monastery in Khlynov . A settlement was soon formed around the monastery, which entered the city limits. In 1656 Khlynov became the center of the Vyatka and Velikopermskoy diocese. At that time the first stone buildings were built.
At the end of the XIX century Vyatka became a trade and craft city.
By 1916, the city had 44 industrial enterprises.
In the years of socialist industrialization and later with the placement of evacuated heavy industries, the city became a major center for engineering, metalworking, instrument, and chemical industries.
Since 1979, every year on June 12th the Day of the city is celebrated. One of the most interesting events is the traditional fair "whistler", rooted as the folk festival.
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| The Day of the city 2009 |
Kirov received its title after the assassination of Sergei Mironovich Kostrikov (Kirov) in 1934. In Soviet times the city was considered closed to foreigners because there was a large number of defense enterprises and the first military-Biological Institute here. Currently, the status is cleared.
Today Kirov is the administrative, historical, cultural, industrial and scientific center of the Kirov region.
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